America’s slave-holding Founding Fathers had the burden of proving ownership of black colonials, thus when independence was declared from the Kingdom of Great Britain in July 1776, all colonial-born blacks were protected and included.
Explore the Ida B. Wells Center’s Core Exposition, challenging the legality of slavery in U.S. history and advocating for justice and restitution.
George Washington was revered for his honesty for confessing to chopping down a cherry tree and never telling lies among many accolades, honors,…
James Brewer Stewart’s eloquent survey of the abolitionist movement is also a superb analysis of how the antislavery movement reinforced and transformed the…
Of humble New England origins, successful as a frontier lawyer, but disastrously unsuccessful as a land speculator, Joshua Reed Giddings entered Congress from…
Before the Civil War, slaveholders made themselves into the most powerful, most deeply rooted, and best organized private interest group within the United…
Throughout the Civil War era, no other white American spoke more powerfully against slavery and for the ideals of racial democracy than did…
Fiery, opinionated, and controversial, William Lloyd Garrison has always been identified with abolitionism in early nineteenth-century America. In his incisive biography of the…
American slavery and the legal right to restitution. Those who argue for reparations believe in equitable relief falsely believing chattel slavery was legal…
Blacks born in colonial America were Englishmen with an inalienable right to liberty under Britain’s rule of law and those who purported to…